-------- [ English and Arabic versions below ] --------
ፍራንክፉርት፡ ጀርመን
18 ለካቲት 2023
ኤርትራ ሲምፖዝዩም 2023
ምውሓስ ድሕነትን ልዑላውነትን ኤርትራ
ኣምባሳደር ዓንደብርሃን ወልደጊዮርጊስ
መኽፈቲ መደረ
ዝኸበርኩም ተሳተፍቲ ኤርትራ ሲምፖዝዩም 2023፡
ሰላም፡ ደሓን ዶ ሓዲርኩም፧ እንቋዕ ብደሓን መጻእኩም።
ምዉቕ ሰላምታ ብምቕዳምን፡ 2023 ንዅላትናን ንህዝብናን ዓመተ ጸጋን ራህዋን ኪትኰነልና፡ ዳግም: ሰናይ ትምኒተይ ብምግላጽን፡ ሲምፖዝዩምና ክጅምር እፈቱ። ኣስዒበ፡ ኣብዚ ቍመና ሃገራዊ ድሕነት ኤርትራ ኣብ ወሳኒ ህሞት ዘለወሉ እዋን ዚካየድ ዘሎ ሲምፖዝዩም ንምስታፍ ካብ ካናዳ፡ ኤውሮጳን ኣመሪካን ብምምጻእኩም አመስግን።
ኣብዚ ኣብ ትሕቲ ምውሓስ ድሕነትን ልዑላውነትን ኤርትራ ዚብል ቴማ ብዛዕባ ህሉው ኵነታት ናይታ እነፍቅራ ሃገርና ንምዝታይ ኰነ ግዝኣተ ሕጊ ንምትካል ኣድማዒ ጥብቅና ብምስልሳል ድሕነታን ልዑላውነታን ኣብ ምውሓስ ኣበርክቶ ንምግባር፣ ሓባራዊ ስራሕ ዘኽእል ሓባራዊ ባይታ ንምጥጣሕ ተኣኪብና ኣለና።
ንልዕሊ ስድሳ ዓመታት፡ ህዝቢ ኤርትራ ዚተናውሐ ኲናት ሃገራዊ ሓርነት፡ ዘቤታዊ ጭቈናን ግዳማዊ ወራርን ተጻዊሩ። ደድሕሪ ዓወት ብረታዊ ቃልስን ሓሙሽተ ዓመታት ናጽነትን፡ እቲ ድርብ ሓደጋ ዘቤታዊ ጭቈናን ግዳማዊ ወራርን ንህዝቢ ኤርትራ መሰረታዊ ሰብኣዊ ድሕነት ኣሐሪሙ፡ ሰብኣዊ ኵነታቱ ኣጋዲዱ።
መንግስታዊ ስልጣን መንጢሉ ኣሰጋጋሪ መዝነቱ ብምጥሓስ፡ ሓደ ሓሳድ ውልቀ-መላኺ ንህዝቢ ኤርትራ ከም መጋበርያ ኪሕዝ፣ ንኤርትራ ከም ብሕታዊ ጕልቱ ከመሓድር፣ ንመንግስታዊ ሃብትን ሃገራዊ ጸጋታትን ከም ውልቃዊ ንብረቱ ኪዕድል፣ መሰረታዊ ሓርነታትን መሰላትን ዜጋታት ኪሕርም ጸኒሑ። ህዝብና ኣብቶም ንህይወቱ ዘመሓድሩን ንመነባብሮኡ ዚውስኑን ሜላታትን ተግባራትን መንግስቲ ዚዀነ ድምጺ የብሉን። እቲ ስርዓት፡ ኣብ ትሕቲ ምህሙን ጕልባብ ናይ ሃገራዊ ድሕነት፡ ኣረሜናዊ ምልኪ ኣንቢሩ፣ ፖለቲካውን ቍጠባውን መኣዲ ዓጽዩ፣ ሃገር ነጺሉ። ነቲ ብርኩት ሃገራዊ ጸጋታት ኰነ ኣገዳሲ ጀኦስትራተጅያዊ፡ ጀኦቍጠባውን ጀኦፖለቲካውን ብልጫታት ኤርትራ ብምጥቃም፡ ሃገር ከማዕብል ይዅን መነባብሮ ህዝቢ ከመሓይሽ ኣይከኣለን።
ክንዲ ዚዀነ፡ ኣብ ኣተኣላልያ ሃገራዊ ጕዳያት፡ ኣከያይዳ ዋኒን መንግስትን መንግስታዊ ፋይናንስን ለውጢ የድሊ ኣሎ። ግሉጽን ተሓታትን ኣመሓዳድራ ኣታዊታትን ወጻኢታትን መንግስቲ ኪህሉ ይግባእ። ኣታዊታ ናይቲ ልዑል እቶት ዘለዎ ጽላት ዕደና ኣብ መዓላ ምብርባርን ዳግም ምህናጽን ናይቲ ዚዓነወ ናይ ኩፖን ቍጠባ ኪውዕል ይግባእ። ህዝቢ ኤርትራ ካብ ኣደራዕ ምምእራር ድራር ዕለት ብትኳቦ መቝነን ኪገላገል ኣለዎ።
ወጅሂ ህዝብና ብሕሰም ተደዊኑ፤ ከተማታትናን ወደባትናን ኣብ ኵነተ ቍንቈና ተሸሚመን ኪማስና፣ ትርኢቱ ዚተደወነ ህንጻታተንን ዚተበጓጐለ ጽርግያታተንን ኣብ ፍጹም ብልሽት ኪርከብ ነቲ ስርዓት ዘነውር ተርእዮ ኢዩ። ነቲ ኣብ ዕቤት ሃገራዊ ቍጠባ ልዑል ኣገዳስነት ዘለዎ ጽላት ህንጻ ንነዊሕ እዋን ተነቢሩ ዚጸንሐ እገዳ ብቕጽበት ብምልዓል፡ እቲ ዘሎ ኣዋጣሪ ሕጽረት መንበሪ ኣባይቲ ኪፍታሕ ይግባእ። ነቲ ንነዊሕ እዋናት ዚቕጽል ምቍራጻት መኸተምታ ንምግባር፡ ህጹጽ ምሕዳስ ስርዓተ ቀረብ ኰነ ዕደላ ጸዓትን ማይን ኪግበር ይግባእ። ወደባት ኤርትራ፡ ከምቲ ግቡእ፡ ልዑል ኣታዊታት መታን ከፍርያ፡ ብቕልጡፍ ተሓዲሰን ኣብ መዓላ ብቑዕ ኣገልግሎት ከም ዚውዕላ ምግባር ይግባእ።
ጅግና ሓይልታት ምክልኻል ኤርትራ ነቲ ኣብ ወሰናስን ዶብ ተጐቢጡ ዚጸንሐ መሬት ኤርትራ ሓራ ኣውጺኡ፣ ንሓደ ምንጪ ህላዌኣዊ ስግኣት ግዝኣታዊ ምሉእነት፡ ልዑላውነትን ድሕነትን ሃገረ ኤርትራ ኰይኑ ዚጸንሐ ጕጅለ፡ ብውሑዱ ንግዜኡ፡ ኣልዩ ወይ ኣዳኺሙ ኣሎ። እቲ ታሪኻዊ ዓወት ንሃገራዊ ድሕነት ሃገረ ኤርትራ፡ ግዝኣታዊ ምሉእነት ኤርትራን ኢትዮጵያን ኰነ ንርግኣት ናይቲ ዞባ ብዓቢኡ ህያው ኣበርክቶ ገይሩ። ሓይልታት ምክልኻል ኤርትራ፡ ነቲ ንዕኡ ዒላማ ዚገበረ፡ ኣብ ኣቐዲሙ ዚተወጠነ ብህሎታት ናይ ጽንተት፡ ጾታዊ ዓመጽን ዝምታን፡ እንተላይ ምንባር ናይ ዘይፍትሓዊ በይናዊ እገዳታት፡ ዚተመስረተ ወፍሪ ጠቐነ ዚተደፋፍአ ዘይምኽኑይ ጸቕጥታት ብምብዳህ፣ ተልእኾኡ ፈጺሙ፡ ናብ ሃገሩ ብዓወት ተመሊሱ።
እቲ ታሪኻዊ ዓወት ኣብቲ ዞባ ንድሕነት ሃገረ ኤርትራ ዘርብሕ ሓድሽ ኣሰላልፋ ሓይልታትን ሓድሽ ወተሃደራዊ ሚዛን ሓይልን ኣምጺኡ ኣሎ። ድሕነት ሃገረ ኤርትራ ኪበሃል እንከሎ፡ እንታይ ማለት ኢዩ፧
ሃገራዊ ድሕነት ወተሃደራውን ዘይወተሃደራውን መዳያት ኣለዉዎ። ክንዮ ምውሓስ ኣካላዊ ድሕነት ናይ ሓንቲ ሃገርን ህዝባን፡ ሃገራዊ ድሕነት ቍጠባዊ ድሕነት፡ ውሕስነት መግቢ፡ ኣከባብያዊ ድሕነት፡ ውሕስነት ጸዓት ኰነ ሳይበራዊ ድሕነት የጠቓልል። ትርጕሙ፡ ብቐዳምነት፡ ድሕነትን ጸጋን ህዝቢ ኤርትራ ኣብ ሓርነት፡ ሰላምን ራህዋን ዚተማልአ ህይወት ምንባር ማለት ኢዩ። ትርጕም ሃገራዊ ድሕነት እምበኣርከስ፡ ነንሓድሕዶም ዚመላልኡ ዘይነጻጸሉ ፖለቲካዊ፡ ቍጠባዊ፡ ወተሃደራውን ዲፕሎማስያውን ባእታታት የጠቓልል።
ነቲ ኣምር ብዝያዳ ንምንጻር፡ ብዛዕባ ነፍሲ ወከፍ ናይዞም ተመላላእቲ ባእታታት ሃገራዊ ድሕነት እዚኣቶም ኣሕጽር ኣቢለ ክገልጽ እየ።
ቀዳማይ፡ ፖለቲካዊ ድሕነት፡ ርግኣት ናይ ሓደ ኣብ ሕሱም መድቈስቲ ዘይኰነስ፡ ኣብ ግዝኣተ ሕጊ ዚተመስረተ ማሕበራዊ ስርዓት የመልክት፤ እዚ ከኣ፡ ዘቤታውን ኣህጕራውን ግዝኣተ ሕጊ ማለት ኢዩ። ብጽማቝ ኣገላልጻ፡ ፖለቲካዊ ድሕነት ብኵራት ናይ መንግስታዊ መድቈስቲ፡ ግህሰት ሰብኣዊ መሰላት፡ ብሕማቕ ምሓዝ ወይ ምጕስቛል፡ ሃንደበታዊ ጥፍኣት ሃለዋት ማለት ኢዩ። ልዕሊ ዅሉ ድማ፡ ሰብኣዊ ድሕነት ህዝቢ ቀንዲ መሰረት ናይ ፖለቲካዊ ድሕነት ኢዩ።
ሰብኣዊ ድሕነት እንታይ ማለት ኢዩ፧ ውድብ ሕቡራት ሃገራት ንሰብኣዊ ድሕነት ከም ድሕነት ህዝቢ ካብ ጥሜት፡ ካብ ሕማምን መድቈስትን፡ እንተላይ ካብ ዝርገታት ናይ መዓልታዊ ህይወት ይገልጾ። እቲ ኣምር ከም ቍጠባዊ ድሕነት፡ ኣከባብያዊ ድሕነት፡ ውሕስነት መግቢ፡ ውሕስነት ጥዕና፡ ውልቃዊ ድሕነት፡ ኮማዊ ድሕነት፡ ፖለቲካዊ ድሕነት፡ ምክልኻል ደቀንስትዮን ውሑዳንን ዚኣመሰሉ ባእታታት የጠቓልል።
ካልኣይ፡ ቍጠባዊ ድሕነት ዚሰፍን ሓደ መንግስቲ ንባህርያውን ሰብኣውን ጸጋታት ናይታ ሃገር ነቲ ሃገራዊ ቍጠባ ንምምዕባል ምስ ዘመሓድር ኢዩ። እቲ ቀንዲ መምዘኒ ቍጠባዊ ድሕነት ናይ ሓንቲ ሃገር፡ እቲ ቍጠባኣ ንዜጋታታ ሽቕለት ንምፍጣር፡ ሃብቲ ንምፍራይ ኰነ ራህዋ ንምጕንጻፍ ዚህሉዎ ዓቕሚ ኢዩ። ብመሰረቱ፡ ቍጠባዊ ድሕነት ነቲ ዓንዲ ሕቘ ሃገራዊ ድሕነት ዘቕውም ዓቕሚ ምክልኻል ሃገር ይውስን። ኮታ፡ ቅርዑይ ቍጠባ፡ ንኤርትራ ኣብቲ ኣብ ዓዘቕቲ ህውከት ዚተሸመመ ተቐያያሪ ዘይርጉእ ጐደቦኣ፡ ከም መሰረት ናይ ቅርዑይ ሃገራዊ ድሕነት ዘገልግል፡ ዘተኣማምን ዓቕሚ ምክልኻል ንምስሳን የኽእል።
ሳልሳይ፡ ወተሃደራዊ ድሕነት ኣብ ዋንነትን ዕቃበን ናይ ኣድማዒ ብቕዓት ግጥም ዘለዎ ዕጡቕ ሰራዊት ከም ግድነታዊ ኣካል ናይ ዘተኣማምን ዓቕሚ ሃገራዊ ምክልኻል ይምርኰስ። ርጉእ ማሕበራዊ ስርዓት፡ ሰፊሕን ምሉእን ሰረት ህዝቢ፡ ሰሳኒ ቍጠባዊ ልምዓት፡ ዘመናዊ ስነፍልጠትን ስነኪነትን ናይ ምጥቃም ዓቕሚ ኪህሉዎ የድሊ። እዚ ድማ፡ ኣብዚ መዋእል ናይ ልዑል ስነኪነት ዚዀነ መበል 21 ክፍለ-ዘመንና፡ ቅስመት፡ ግብራዊ ክእለትን ኣጠቓቕማን ናይ ምዕቡል ስርዓተ ኣጽዋር፡ ዘመናዊ ወተሃደራዊ ስነፍልጠትን ስነኪነትን ይሓቍፍ።
ራብዓይ፡ ተበግሶኣዊ ዲፕሎማሲ ኣገዳሲ መሳርሒ ናይ ሃገራዊ ድሕነት ኢዩ። ዲፕሎማሲ፡ ከም ኲናት፡ መለቀብታ ፖለቲካ ብኻልእ መንገዲ ኢዩ። ብዙሕ እዋን፡ ዲፕሎማሲ ከም መተካእታ ወይ ከም መመላእታ ናይ ኲናት ብኣድማዕነት ይሰላሰል ኢዩ። ከም መተካእታ ኣብ ዚሰላሰለሉ እዋን፡ ኲናት ካብ ምብራዕ ይዅን ተጻብኦታት ካብ ምዕራግ ከድሕን ይኽእል። ከም መመላእታ ናይ ኲናት ኣብ ዚሰላሰለሉ እዋን ድማ፡ ወተሃደራዊ ዓወት ሃገራዊ ድሕነት ከም ዘውሕስ ንምርግጋጽ ይሕግዝ። ኣድማዒ ምስልሳል ፖለቲካዊ ዕላማታት ብኲናት፡ ኣብ ሓደ እዋን፡ ተበግሶኣዊ ዲፕሎማስን ኣድማዒ ዋሕዚ ናይ ቀጻሊ እዋናዊ ሓበሬታን ምውፋር ይሓትት።
ሕጂ፡ ነዞም ኣድለይቲ ባእታታት ናይ ሃገራዊ ድሕነት እዚኣቶም ከም መምዘኒ ብምጥቃም፡ እስከ ነቲ ሎሚ ኣብ ኤርትራ ዘሎ ጭቡጥ ክዉንነት ንገምግም። እቲ ኣብ ሃገርና ዘሎ ክዉንነት መቸስ ውጽኢት ናይቲ እቲ መንግስቲ፡ ኣብዘን ዚሓለፋ 32 ዓመታት ዚተኸተሎ ሜላን ዚፈጸሞ ተግባራትን ምዃኑ ኣዝዩ ንጹር ኢዩ። ህዝቢ ኤርትራ፡ ድሕሪ 32 ዓመታት ናይ ናጽነት፡ ሎሚ ኣብ ዚተማልአ ህይወት ናይ ሓርነት፡ ሰላምን ራህዋን ዘንብር ድሕነትን ጸጋን ኣለዎ ዲዩ፧
ንፖለቲካዊ ድሕነት ብዚምልከት፡ እቲ ኣብ ባይታ ዘሎ ክዉንነት ኣመና ጽልሙት ኢዩ። ፖለቲካዊ ድሕነት፡ ምህናጽ ናይ ሓደ ኣብ ግዝኣተ ሕጊ ዚተመስረተ ርጉእ ማሕበራዊ ስርዓት ይሓትት። ትግባረ ቅዋም ኤርትራ፡ ግዝኣተ ሕጊ፡ ከም ኣድላዪ ኵነት ንርጉእ ማሕበራዊ ስርዓት፡ ይተክል። ብተወሳኺ፡ ነቲ ፖለቲካዊ መኣዲ ይኸፍት፣ መሰረታዊ ሓርነታትን መሰላትን ህዝቢ ኤርትራ የውሕስ፣ ሰብኣዊ ድሕነት ህዝቢ ኤርትራ የዕዝዝ።
ምርግጋጽ ቍጠባዊ ድሕነት፡ ምኽፋት ናይቲ ቍጠባዊ መኣድን ነቲ ሃገራዊ ቍጠባ ዘማዕብል ቅርዑይ ምሕደራ ሃገራዊ ጸጋታትን ይሓትት። ቍጠባዊ ልምዓት ሽቕለት ይፈጥር፡ ሃብቲ የፍሪ፡ ራህዋ የጐናጽፍ። ቍጠባዊ ድሕነት ዘቤታዊ ወፍሪ የተባብዕን ኤርትራውያን ዋኒንተኛታት፡ ኣብ ክንዲ ኣብ ካልኦት ሃገራት፡ ናብ ሃገሮም ተመሊሶም ከውፍሩ፣ ኪብልጽጉ፣ ሃብቲ ኪፈጥሩ፡ ንሃገራዊ ልምዓት ከበርክቱ ይስሕብን። ብተወሳኺ፡ ግዳማዊ ቀጥታዊ ወፍሪ የተባብዕ። ኣብዚ፡ ቍጠባዊ ድሕነት መሰረት ሰሳኒ ዓቕሚ ምክልኻልን ሃገራዊ ድሕነትን ናይ ሓደ ሃገረ መንግስቲ ምዃኑ ከስምረሉ እደሊ።
ንወተሃደራዊ ድሕነት ብዚምልከት፡ ኤርትራ ሎሚ፡ ብመንጽር እተን ብተዛማዲ ዝደኸማ ጐረባብታ፡ ብቕዓት ናይ ግጥም ዘለዎ፡ ሃገር ኪከላኸል ዚኽእል ዕጡቕ ሰራዊት ኣለዋ። ኰይኑ ግን፡ ነዚ ናይ ምክልኻል ዓቕሚ’ዚ ንምዕቃብን ንምድንፋዕን፡ ንሓይልታት ምክልኻል ኤርትራ ሞያውነት ምልባስ፣ ዕጥቁ ኰነ ናይ እዝን ቍጽጽርን መዋቕራቱ ምዝማን፣ ዚተማልአን እናሰሰነ ዚኸይድን ሰረት ህዝቢ ምስፋሕ፣ ሰሳኒ ቍጠባዊ ልምዓት ምስልሳል፣ ተክኒካዊ ዓቕሙን ግብራዊ ክእለቱን ምህናጽ ይሓትት። ብተወሳኺ፡ ሃገራዊ ኣገልግሎት፡ መበቈላዊ ሸቶታቱ ንምውቃዕ፣ ህድማ መንእሰያት ካብ ሃገር ንምግታእ ኰነ ንቡር ብዝሒ ወይ ሰሰን ሰረት ህዝቢ ንምኽኣል፣ ብመሰረት እቲ ዓንቀጻትን መንፈስን ናይቲ ዘቘሞ ኣዋጅ 82/1995 (23 ጥቅምቲ 1995) ኪትግበር ይጠልብ።
ብማዕረ ኣገዳስነት፡ ዲፕሎማሲ ግጭት ንምፍታሕ፡ ኲናት ንምውጋድ፡ ተጻብኦታት ንምዝሓል ኰነ ፖለቲካዊ ዕላማታት ኲናት ሸቶኡ ንምውቃዕ ኪዋፈር ዚኽእል ኣድላዪ መሳርሒ ሃገራዊ ድሕነት ኢዩ። ዲፕሎማሲ ኤርትራ ሎሚ፡ ብመደገፍታ ናይቲ ሓይልታት ምክልኻል ኤርትራ ዘመዝገቦ ወተሃደራዊ ዓወትን ዝኸፈሎ መስዋእትን፡ ነዚ ኣገዳሲ መሳርሒ’ዚ ብምጥቃም፡ ነዞም ዚስዕቡ ሰለስተ ሸቶታት ንምርግጋጽ ኪሰርሕ ይግባእ፦
1. ወግዓዊ ኣፍልጦ ኢትዮጵያ ነቲ ብመግዛእታዊ ውዕል ዚተደረተ ዶብ ኤርትራን ኢትዮጵያን፤
2. ኣካላዊ ምምልካት መግዛእታዊ ውዕል ዶብ ምስቲ መምርሒታት ምምልካት ኮሚሽን ዶብ ኤርትራን ኢትዮጵያን ብዘሳኒ ኣገባብ፤
3. ኣህጕራዊ ደገፍን ተፈላጥነትን ነቲ ሓባራዊ ዶብን ኣካላዊ ምምልካቱን።
ኣብ መውዳእታ ትንታኔ፡ ብንጹር ዚተመልከተን ኣህጕራዊ ተፈላጥነት ዘለዎን ዶብ፡ መጻኢ ግህሰታት ልዑላውነትን ግዝኣታዊ ምሉእነትን ኤርትራ ንምውጋድ ይሕግዝ፣ ከም ድልዱል መሰረት ነባሪ ሰላም ምስ ኢትዮጵያ የገልግል፣ ድሕነት ሃገረ ኤርትራ የውሕስ።
ኣብዚ ንዝያዳ 30 ዓመታት ኣብ ስልጣን ዚጸንሓሉ እዋን፡ ፕረዚደንት ሃገረ ኤርትራ ቅዋም ኤርትራ ምትግባርን ግዝኣተ ሕጊ ምስፋንን ኣብዩ ጸኒሑ። ኣብ ክንድኡ፡ ኣብ ልዕሊ’ቲ ሕጊ ዘኽብር፡ በቲ ንዘመናት ዘነባበሮ ድንጉግ ሕጊ እንዳባኡ ዚሕበን ሕብረተሰብ፣ ቃሕታዊ ግዝኣተ ሰብ ኣስገዲዱ። ህንጸት ናይ ተግባራዊ መንግስታዊ መሳርዕ፡ ሰራሪ መንግስታዊ ኣካላት ኰነ ዚሰርሕ ምምሕዳራዊ ትካላት ዓንቂፉ። እቲ ስርዓት፡ ቅዋማዊ ምሕደራ ኪተክል፡ ኣሳታፊ ፖለቲካ ከተኣታቱ፡ ማሕበራዊ ግስጋሰ ከምጽእ ይዅን ቍጠባ ከማዕብል ድሌት ይዅን ክእለት ኣይጸንሖን። መሰረታዊ ጠለባት ህዝቢ ዘማልእ ኰነ ኣድለይቲ ማሕበራዊ ኣገልግሎታት ዘቕርብ ቍጠባ ከማዕብል ኣይከኣለን። እዚ ብቐዳምነት ሰኣን ሰናይ ድሌት ምዃኑ ንጹር ኢዩ። እቲ ኣዝዩ ዘደንጽው ግሪምቢጥ ድማ፡ እቲ ፕረዚደንት በቲ ኣብታ ሃገር ብቑዕ ኣካላውን ማሕበራውን ትሕተቅርጺ ይዅን ኣድላዪ ህዝባዊ ኣገልግሎታትን ኣቕሑን ዘይምህላው ዚውቀስ እቲ ንልዕሊ ሳላሳ ዓመታት ዚጸንሐ ምምሕዳሩ ክነሱ፡ ሓላፍነቱ ከም ዘይኰነ ንምምሳል ብተደጋጋሚ ዘስምዖ ኣሽካዕላሊ ብድዐ ኢዩ።
እቲ ውድዓዊ ሳዕቤናት ሜላታትን ተግባራትን መንግስቲ ነቶም ዚተፈላለዩ ባእታታት ሃገራዊ ድሕነት ዘዳኽምን ንልዑላውነት ሃገረ ኤርትራ ዘግድዕን ምዃኑ ከም ሓቒቕ ንጹር ኢዩ። ስለዚ ድማ፡ እቲ ስርዓት ነታ ሃገር ብግቡእ ከመሓድር ይዅን መሰረታዊ ጠለባት ህዝቢ ከማልእ ከም ዘይክእል ብግብሪ ኣርእዩ ኢዩ። ደሞክራስያዊ ምምንዛዕ ስልጣን ብህዝቢ ካብ ዚግባእ ነዊሕ ኰይኑ። ብመሰረታዊ ኣረኣእያ፡ ምትካል ቅዋማዊ ምሕደራ ሎሚ ጕዳይ ሃገራዊ ድሕነት፡ ጕዳይ ህላዌኣዊ ኣድላይነት ንቐጻሊ ምንባርን ራህዋን ናይ ናጻ ልዑላዊት ሃገረ ኤርትራ፡ ኰይኑ ኣሎ።
ክንድ ዚዀነ፡ ርጉእ ስግግር ናብ ግዝኣተ ሕጊ ንምርግጋጽ፡ ብኤርትራዊ ዋንነት ዚእለ ሃገር-በቈል ለውጢ ምድራኽ ልዑል ኣድላይነት ኣለዎ። ሓርበኛታት ኤርትራውያን ኣብ ውሽጥን ኣብ ወጻእን፡ ርጉእ ስግግር ናብ ቅዋማዊ ምሕደራ ኣብ ምምጻእ እጃሞም ንምብርካት ቃልሶም ከወሃሃዱን ብሓባር ኪሰርሑን ይግባእ።
ኤሪ-ፕላትፎርም፡ ኣብዘን ዚሓለፋ ሽዱሽተ ዓመታት፡ ፕሮ-ደሞክራስያዊ ጕጅለታትን ተነጣጠፍቲ ውልቀሰባትን እናኣከበት ንምውህሃድ፣ ሓሳባትን ጸጋታትን ብምውህላል ንምጥርናፍ፣ ለውጥን ርጉእ ስግግር ናብ ቅዋማዊ ምሕደራን ኣብ ኤርትራ ኣብ ምድጋፍ ንምትሕብባር፣ ዚዓለመ ተኸታታሊ ሲምፖዝዩማት ከካይድ ጸኒሑ። ከም መቐጸልታ ናይዚ ጻዕሪ’ዚ ድማ፡ ኤሪ-ፕላትፎርም ነዚ ናይዚ ዓመት’ዚ ተኸታሊ ዋዕላ፡ ኤርትራ ሲምፖዝዩም 2023፡ ኣብ ትሕቲ ምውሓስ ድሕነትን ልዑላውነትን ኤርትራ ዚብል ቴማ የሰላስል ኣሎ።
ከምቲ ልሙድ፡ ሲምፖዝዩም ኤርትራ 2023 እዞም ዚስዕቡ ዕላማታት ኣለዉዎ፦
- ብርጡብ ሓበሬታ ዚተሰነየ ዘተ ኣብ ህሉው ኵነታት ኤርትራ ምስላጥን ብቑዕ መደብ ስራሕ ምእማምን።
- ኣብ ዓወታት ናይቶም ዚሓለፉ ሲምፖዝዩማት ብምህናጽ፡ ኣብ ምስልሳል ርጉእ ስግግር ናብ ቅዋማዊ ምሕደራ ምውህሃድን ምትሕብባርን ምዕዛዝ።
- ኣብ መንጎ ፕሮ-ደሞክራሲ ኤርትራውያን ተነጣጠፍቲ ኣብ ዳያስፖራ መርበብ ሓድሕዳዊ ርክብ ንምዅስኳስን ምትሕግጋዝን መድረኽ ምውዳድ።
እዚ ግሁድን ክፉትን ልዝብ ንምስላጥ ዚዓለመ ሲምፖዝዩም’ዚ ኣብ ሓሙሽተ ዚተዘማመዱን ተመላላእትን ቴማዊ ፓነላት፡ እንተላይ ሓደ ፓነል ናይ ሓፈሻዊ ሕቶን መልስን፡ ዚተወደበ ኢዩ። ነፍሲ ወከፍ ፓነል ብክልተ ኣቕረብትን ሓደ ኣላዛብን ዚቘመ ኢዩ።
ፓነል 1: ረቛሒታት ሃገራዊ ድሕነት ሃገረ ኤርትራ፣
ፓነል 2: መንገዲ ነባሪ ሰላም ኣብ መንጎ ኤርትራን ኢትዮጵያን፣
ፓነል 3: ምድራኽ ሃገር-በቈል ስግግር ናብ ቅዋማዊ ምሕደራ፣
ፓነል 4: መድረኽ ሓፈሻዊ ሕቶን መልስን
ፓነል 5: ጥርናፈ ኣብ ምክልኻል ሃገራዊ ድሕነት
ኣብ መወዳእታ ትንታኔ፡ ህዝቢ ኤርትራ፡ ልክዕ ከም ዚዀነ ካልእ ህዝቢ ኣብ መላእ ዓለም፡ ኣብ ሓርነት፡ ሰላምን ራህዋን ዚተማልአ ህይወት ንምንባር ድሕነትን ጸጋን ይግብኦ ኢዩ። ኤርትራውያን ኣብ ትሕቲ ግዝኣተ ሕጊ መሰረታዊ ሓርነታትን መሰላትን ኪረኽቡ ይግብኦምን ዘይግሃስ መሰል ኣለዎምን። ንሕና ኤርትራውያን ኣብ ገዛእ ሃገርና ብኽብረት ዘንብር ሰብኣዊ ድሕነት ይግባኣና ኢዩ።
ኣብ ኤርትራ ቅዋማዊ ምሕደራ ንምትካል፣ ሰብኣዊ ድሕነትን ልዑላውነትትን ህዝቢ ኤርትራ ንምርግጋጽ፣ ድሕነት፡ ልዑላውነትን ግዝኣታዊ ምሉእነትን ሃገረ ኤርትራ ንምውሓስ ምጥባቕ፣ ደሞክራስያዊ መሰልን ሃገራዊ ግቡእን ዜግነት ምዃኑ፡ ብልቢ እኣምን። ስለዚ እምበኣር፡ ሰብኣዊ ድሕነት ህዝቢ ኤርትራ ዘዐዝዝን ድሕነትን ልዑላውነትን ሃገረ ኤርትራ ዘውሕስን ሃገር-በቈል ርጉእ ስግግር ናብ ቅዋማዊ ምሕደራ ንምድራኽ ዝከኣለና ኣበርክቶ ንምግባር ነወሃሃድን ሓቢርና ንስራሕን።
ዕዉት ሲምፖዝዩም ኪዀነልና እትምነ።
ዕድመ ንናጻ ልዑላዊት ሃገረ ኤርትራ!
ዘልኣለማዊ ሓበን ንጀጋኑ ሰማእታትና!
ፈጣሪ ንኤርትራን ህዝባን ይባርኽ!
ጽን ኢልኩም ስለ ዝሰማዕኩምኒ አመስግን።
Frankfurt, Germany
18 February 2023
Eritrea Symposium 2023
Safeguarding Eritrea’s Security and Sovereignty
Ambassador Andebrhan Welde Giorgis
Keynote Address
Dear Participants of Eritrea Symposium 2023,
I would like to start our Symposium today by extending you a very warm welcome and wishing you all and our people, once again, a more fulfilling and prosperous 2023. I would also like to thank you all for coming here from Canada, Europe, and the United States to participate in this Symposium at a crucial moment in the status of Eritrea’s national security.
We are gathered here under the theme of Safeguarding Eritrea’s Security and Sovereignty to discuss the present situation in our beloved country and seek common ground for joint action to help safeguard its security and sovereignty through effective advocacy for the institution of the rule of law.
For over sixty years, the Eritrean people have endured a protracted war of national liberation, domestic oppression, and external aggression. Following the victory of the armed struggle and five years of independence, the double jeopardy of domestic oppression and external aggression have deprived the Eritrean people of basic human security and degraded their human condition.
Usurping state power in defiance of his transitional mandate, a malevolent autocrat has treated the Eritrean people as objects, run Eritrea as a private fiefdom, and dispensed with state assets and national resources like personal property. Citizens are deprived of fundamental freedoms and rights. They have no say in the policies and practices that govern their lives and determine their livelihoods. Under the flimsy guise of national security, the regime has imposed a brutal dictatorship, closed the political and economic space, isolated the country, and pushed the youth into mass exodus. It has failed to capitalise on Eritrea’s ample resource base and significant geostrategic, geoeconomic and geopolitical advantages to develop the country and improve the livelihood of the people.
There is thus a paramount need for change in the conduct of the affairs of state, the management of the business of government, and the treatment of public finance. There must be transparent and accountable management of State revenues and expenditures. The revenues from the highly lucrative mining sector must be used to revive and rebuild the ruined coupon economy. The bare subsistence of the Eritrean people on meagre rations must come to an end.
It is shame on the regime that our people wallow in misery while our cities and ports languish in a state of decay, with their dilapidated buildings and potholed streets lying in utter disrepair. The ban long imposed on the economically important construction sector should be lifted immediately to resolve the acute shortage of housing. Urgent renovation of power and water supply and delivery systems must be undertaken to end extended stoppages. Eritrea’s ports must be serviced and used as a matter of urgency to generate valuable revenues.
The gallant Eritrean Defence Forces (EDF) have liberated hitherto occupied Eritrean territory in the borderlands and significantly degraded a source of an existential threat to the security, territorial integrity, and sovereignty of the State of Eritrea, at least for the short term. The victory makes a vital contribution to the national security of the State of Eritrea, the territorial integrity of Eritrea and Ethiopia, and the stability of the region. Defying unwarranted pressures instigated by a targeted smear campaign of defamation based on premeditated allegations of genocide, sexual violence, and looting, including the imposition of unjust unilateral sanctions, the EDF have effectively accomplished their mission and returned home in triumph.
The historic victory has brought about a new realignment of forces and a new military balance in the region favourable to the security of the State of Eritrea. But what do I mean by the security of the State of Eritrea?
National security has both military and non-military dimensions. Beyond safeguarding the physical safety of a State and its people, national security includes economic security, food security, environmental security, energy security and cyber security. It means, first and foremost, the security and wellbeing of the Eritrean people to lead a fulfilling life in freedom, peace, and prosperity. The meaning of national security thus comprises integral political, economic, military, and diplomatic elements that complement each other.
Let me make brief remarks on each of these integral elements of national security.
First, political security denotes the stability of a social order based not on severe repression but on the rule of law, meaning the rule of both domestic and international law. In concise terms, political security is the absence of government repression, violation of human rights, ill treatment, and enforced disappearance. Above all, political security depends on the human security of the people.
What constitutes human security? The UN defines human security as the safety of the people from hunger, disease, and repression, including disruptions of daily life. The concept includes economic security, environmental security, food security, health security, personal security, community security, political security, and the protection of women and minorities.
Second, economic security prevails when a State manages a nation’s natural and human resources to develop the national economy. The ability of a nation’s economy to create employment, produce wealth and generate prosperity for its citizens constitutes the primary measure of its economic security. Essentially, economic security determines the State’s defence capability which, in turn, impacts its national security. A sound economy would enable Eritrea to sustain a credible defence capability as the foundation of a sound national security in a volatile region mired in constant turbulence.
Third, military security is predicated on the possession and maintenance of combat effective armed forces as an indispensable component of a credible national defence capability. It requires a stable social order, an ample and intact population base, sustainable economic development, and a capacity to apply modern science and technology. In our high-tech 21st century, this includes the acquisition, knowhow, and application of advanced weapons systems, modern military science and technology.
Fourth, proactive diplomacy represents an essential tool of national security. Diplomacy, like war, is an extension of politics by other means. It is often effectively deployed either as a substitute or as a complement of war. When deployed as a substitute, it can prevent the outbreak of war or the escalation of hostilities. When deployed as a complement of war, it helps ensure that military victory promotes national security. The effective pursuit of political objectives through war requires the simultaneous deployment of proactive diplomacy and effective communication feeding a constant flow of timely information.
Now, using these essential elements of national security, let us assess the actual reality in Eritrea today. It is, of course, quite clear that the prevailing reality in our country is the outcome of the policies and practices pursued by the government during the past thirty-two years. Do the Eritrean people have the security and wellbeing to lead a fulfilling life in freedom, peace, and prosperity today?
As regards political security, the reality on the ground is extremely dismal. Political security requires building a stable social order based on the rule of law. The application of the Constitution of Eritrea would establish the rule of law as a necessary condition for a stable social order. It would also open the political space, safeguard the fundamental freedoms and rights of the Eritrean people, and enhance their human security.
Economic security requires the opening of the economic space and the prudent management of national resources to develop the economy. Economic development creates employment, produces wealth, and generate prosperity. Economic security would encourage domestic investment and attract Eritrean entrepreneurs to return home to invest, flourish, create wealth, and contribute to national development in their own country rather than in other countries. It would also attract foreign direct investment (FDI). I would like to underscore here that economic security is the foundation of a State’s sustainable defence capability and national security.
As regards military security, Eritrea today possesses combat effective armed forces capable of national defence vis-à-vis its relatively weaker neighbours. Sustaining and enhancing this defence capability requires the professionalisation of the EDF, the modernisation of its equipment and command-and-control structures, the maintenance of an intact and growing population base, the pursuit of sustainable economic development, and the building of technical capacity and knowhow. Furthermore, it requires the implementation of national service in accordance with the terms and spirit of its establishing Proclamation 82/1995 (23 October 1995) to achieve its original aims, dissuade the youth from fleeing the country, and enable the normal expansion of the population base.
Equally important, diplomacy can be deployed as an essential tool of national security to resolve conflict, prevent war, deescalate hostilities, or achieve the political objectives of war. Deploying this vital tool, Eritrea’s diplomacy today must leverage its military achievement and the EDF’s sacrifices to secure:
1. Ethiopia’s recognition of the Eritrea-Ethiopia colonial treaty border;
2. The physical demarcation of the colonial treaty border in line with the Demarcation Directions of the Eritrea-Ethiopia Boundary Commission (EEBC); and
3. International support for and recognition of the boundary and its physical demarcation.
In the final analysis, a clearly demarcated and internationally recognised boundary would help avert future violations of Eritrea’s sovereignty and territorial integrity, serve as a solid foundation for durable peace with Ethiopia, and promote Eritrea’s national security.
During more than thirty years in power, the President of Eritrea has refused to apply the Constitution of Eritrea and institute rule of law. Instead, he has imposed the capricious rule of man on a law-abiding society proud of its centuries-old codified customary laws. He has obstructed the building of a functional state apparatus, viable state organs or operational administrative institutions. The regime has been unwilling and unable to establish constitutional governance, institute participatory politics, attain social progress, or develop the economy. It has failed to provide for basic needs and essential social services. It is obvious that this is primarily due to the lack of goodwill. Quite strangely, the president has the audacity to frequently bemoan the lack of adequate physical and social infrastructure and essential public goods and services in the country, as if his rule of over thirty years is not to blame.
It is crystal clear that the objective consequences of the policies and practices of the government undermine the various elements of national security and jeopardise the sovereignty of the State of Eritrea. The regime has thus demonstrated its inability to properly govern the country or provide for the basic needs of the people. The democratic seizure of power by the people has long been overdue. In a fundamental sense, the establishment of constitutional governance has become a matter of national security, an existential necessity for the survival and prosperity of an independent sovereign State of Eritrea.
There is thus a paramount need to crystallise an Eritrean-owned, home-grown change to ensure a stable transition to the rule of law. Patriotic Eritreans at home and in the Diaspora must coalesce and work together to contribute to a stable transition to constitutional governance.
Eri-Platform has, during the past six years, conducted successive Symposiums designed to gather pro-democracy groups and activist individuals to coalesce, pool ideas and resources together, and collaborate in support of change and stable transition in Eritrea. As a continuation of that effort, Eri-Platform is convening this year’s follow-up conference, Eritrea Symposium 2023, under the theme of Safeguarding Eritrea’s Security and Sovereignty.
In line with past practice, Eritrea Symposium 2023 aims to:
1. Facilitate an informed discussion of the current situation in Eritrea and propose appropriate plans of action.
2. Build on the acquis of past symposiums to enhance coalescence and collaboration in pursuit of a stable transition to constitutional governance.
3. Provide a forum for networking and cooperation among pro-democracy Eritrean activists in the Diaspora.
Designed to facilitate frank and open dialogue, the Symposium is organised in five interrelated and complementary thematic panels, including a General Question and Answer session. Each panel comprises two panellists and a moderator.
Panel 1: Factors of National Security of the State of Eritrea
Panel 2: A Path to Durable Peace between Eritrea and Ethiopia
Panel 3: Catalysing Home-Grown Transition to Constitutional Governance
Panel 4: General Question & Answer Session
Panel 5: Coalescence in Defence of National Security
In the final analysis, the Eritrean people, just like any other people the world over, deserve security and wellbeing to lead a fulfilling life in freedom, peace, and prosperity. Eritreans deserve and have an inalienable right to enjoy fundamental freedoms and rights under the rule of law. We Eritreans deserve human security to live in dignity in our own country.
I strongly believe that advocacy for the establishment of constitutional governance in Eritrea; the human security and sovereignty of the Eritrean people; and the security, sovereignty and territorial integrity of the State of Eritrea is a democratic right and a national responsibility of citizenship. Let us thus coalesce and work together to help crystallise a home-grown stable transition to constitutional governance that promotes the human security of the Eritrean people and safeguards the security and sovereignty of the State of Eritrea.
I wish us a successful symposium.
Eternal glory to our heroic martyrs!
Long live independent and sovereign State of Eritrea!
God bless Eritrea and its people!
Thank you for your kind attention.
