The plan to partition Eritrea, divide its people and destroy its identity, and the plunder of its productive assets that retarded its development, under the British Military Administration are covered in Chapter 3: A Plan to Dismember Eritrea. The chapter describes the awakening of the Eritrean people’s aspirations for self-determination, the chain of events that unfolded, and the resultant turbulence whose severe ‘stresses and strains’ brought Eritrea to the brink of chaos and extinction, leaving lasting scars on the Eritrean psyche and body politic. It also portrays the rise of organised national political activity and the blend of British intrigues, Ethiopian interference, and Big Power caprices. This dynamic thwarted Eritrea’s legitimate claim to decolonisation and sowed the seeds of long-term conflict that beset Eritrea and Ethiopia and disturbed the security and stability of the Horn of Africa as a whole.